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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-restore(1) Manual Page</h1>
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-restore - Restore working tree files</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><code>git</code> <code>restore</code> [<em>&lt;options&gt;</em>] [<code>--source=</code><em>&lt;tree&gt;</em>] [<code>--staged</code>] [<code>--worktree</code>] [<code>--</code>] <em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>&#8230;&#8203;
<code>git</code> <code>restore</code> [<em>&lt;options&gt;</em>] [<code>--source=</code><em>&lt;tree&gt;</em>] [<code>--staged</code>] [<code>--worktree</code>] <code>--pathspec-from-file=</code><em>&lt;file&gt;</em> [<code>--pathspec-file-nul</code>]
<code>git</code> <code>restore</code> (<code>-p</code>|<code>--patch</code>) [<em>&lt;options&gt;</em>] [<code>--source=</code><em>&lt;tree&gt;</em>] [<code>--staged</code>] [<code>--worktree</code>] [<code>--</code>] [<em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>&#8230;&#8203;]</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Restore specified paths in the working tree with some contents from a
restore source. If a path is tracked but does not exist in the restore
source, it will be removed to match the source.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The command can also be used to restore the content in the index with
<code>--staged</code>, or restore both the working tree and the index with
<code>--staged</code> <code>--worktree</code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>By default, if <code>--staged</code> is given, the contents are restored from <code>HEAD</code>,
otherwise from the index. Use <code>--source</code> to restore from a different commit.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>See "Reset, restore and revert" in <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> for the differences
between the three commands.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>-s</code> <em>&lt;tree&gt;</em></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--source=</code><em>&lt;tree&gt;</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Restore the working tree files with the content from the given
tree. It is common to specify the source tree by naming a
commit, branch or tag associated with it.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If not specified, the contents are restored from <code>HEAD</code> if <code>--staged</code> is
given, otherwise from the index.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>As a special case, you may use "<em>&lt;rev-A&gt;</em><code>...</code><em>&lt;rev-B&gt;</em>" as a shortcut for the
merge base of <em>&lt;rev-A&gt;</em> and <em>&lt;rev-B&gt;</em> if there is exactly one merge base. You can
leave out at most one of <em>&lt;rev-A&gt;_</em> and <em>&lt;rev-B&gt;</em>, in which case it defaults to <code>HEAD</code>.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>-p</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--patch</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Interactively select hunks in the difference between the
restore source and the restore location. See the "Interactive
Mode" section of <a href="git-add.html">git-add(1)</a> to learn how to operate
the <code>--patch</code> mode.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>-U</code><em>&lt;n&gt;</em></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--unified=</code><em>&lt;n&gt;</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Generate diffs with <em>&lt;n&gt;</em> lines of context. The number of context
lines defaults to <code>diff.context</code> or 3 if the configuration variable
is unset. (<code>-U</code> without <em>&lt;n&gt;</em> is silently accepted as a synonym for
<code>-p</code> due to a historical accident).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--inter-hunk-context=</code><em>&lt;n&gt;</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Show the context between diff hunks, up to the specified <em>&lt;number&gt;</em>
of lines, thereby fusing hunks that are close to each other.
Defaults to <code>diff.interHunkContext</code> or 0 if the config option
is unset.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>-W</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--worktree</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>-S</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--staged</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify the restore location. If neither option is specified,
by default the working tree is restored. Specifying <code>--staged</code>
will only restore the index. Specifying both restores both.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>-q</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--quiet</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Quiet, suppress feedback messages. Implies <code>--no-progress</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--progress</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-progress</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless <code>--quiet</code>
is specified. This flag enables progress reporting even if not
attached to a terminal, regardless of <code>--quiet</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--ours</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--theirs</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>When restoring files in the working tree from the index, use
stage #2 (<code>ours</code>) or #3 (<code>theirs</code>) for unmerged paths.
This option cannot be used when checking out paths from a
tree-ish (i.e. with the <code>--source</code> option).</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Note that during <code>git</code> <code>rebase</code> and <code>git</code> <code>pull</code> <code>--rebase</code>, <code>ours</code> and
<code>theirs</code> may appear swapped. See the explanation of the same options
in <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a> for details.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>-m</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--merge</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>When restoring files on the working tree from the index,
recreate the conflicted merge in the unmerged paths.
This option cannot be used when checking out paths from a
tree-ish (i.e. with the <code>--source</code> option).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--conflict=</code><em>&lt;style&gt;</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>The same as <code>--merge</code> option above, but changes the way the
conflicting hunks are presented, overriding the
<code>merge.conflictStyle</code> configuration variable.  Possible values
are <code>merge</code> (default), <code>diff3</code>, and <code>zdiff3</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--ignore-unmerged</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>When restoring files on the working tree from the index, do
not abort the operation if there are unmerged entries and
neither <code>--ours</code>, <code>--theirs</code>, <code>--merge</code> or <code>--conflict</code> is
specified. Unmerged paths on the working tree are left alone.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--ignore-skip-worktree-bits</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>In sparse checkout mode, the default is to only update entries
matched by <em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em> and sparse patterns in
<code>$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout</code>. This option ignores the sparse
patterns and unconditionally restores any files in
<em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--recurse-submodules</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-recurse-submodules</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>If <em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em> names an active submodule and the restore location
includes the working tree, the submodule will only be updated if
this option is given, in which case its working tree will be
restored to the commit recorded in the superproject, and any local
modifications overwritten. If nothing (or
<code>--no-recurse-submodules</code>) is used, submodules working trees will
not be updated. Just like <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a>, this will detach
<code>HEAD</code> of the submodule.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--overlay</code></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--no-overlay</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>In overlay mode, never remove files when restoring. In no-overlay mode,
remove tracked files that do not appear in the <em>&lt;tree&gt;</em> of
<code>--source=</code><em>&lt;tree&gt;</em>, to make them match <em>&lt;tree&gt;</em> exactly. The default
is no-overlay mode.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--pathspec-from-file=</code><em>&lt;file&gt;</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Pathspec is passed in <em>&lt;file&gt;</em> instead of commandline args. If
<em>&lt;file&gt;</em> is exactly <code>-</code> then standard input is used. Pathspec
elements are separated by <em>LF</em> or <em>CR</em>/<em>LF</em>. Pathspec elements can be
quoted as explained for the configuration variable <code>core.quotePath</code>
(see <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a>). See also <code>--pathspec-file-nul</code> and
global <code>--literal-pathspecs</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--pathspec-file-nul</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Only meaningful with <code>--pathspec-from-file</code>. Pathspec elements are
separated with <em>NUL</em> character and all other characters are taken
literally (including newlines and quotes).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><code>--</code></dt>
<dd>
<p>Do not interpret any more arguments as options.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>&lt;pathspec&gt;</em>...</dt>
<dd>
<p>Limits the paths affected by the operation.</p>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For more details, see the <em>pathspec</em> entry in <a href="gitglossary.html">gitglossary(7)</a>.</p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The following sequence switches to the <code>master</code> branch, reverts the
<code>Makefile</code> to two revisions back, deletes <code>hello.c</code> by mistake, and gets
it back from the index.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git switch master
$ git restore --source master~2 Makefile  <b class="conum">(1)</b>
$ rm -f hello.c
$ git restore hello.c                     <b class="conum">(2)</b></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="colist arabic">
<ol>
<li>
<p>take a file out of another commit</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>restore <code>hello.c</code> from the index</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If you want to restore <em>all</em> C source files to match the version in
the index, you can say</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git restore '*.c'</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Note the quotes around <code>*.c</code>.  The file <code>hello.c</code> will also be
restored, even though it is no longer in the working tree, because the
file globbing is used to match entries in the index (not in the
working tree by the shell).</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To restore all files in the current directory</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git restore .</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>or to restore all working tree files with <em>top</em> pathspec magic (see
<a href="gitglossary.html">gitglossary(7)</a>)</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git restore :/</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To restore a file in the index to match the version in <code>HEAD</code> (this is
the same as using <a href="git-reset.html">git-reset(1)</a>)</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git restore --staged hello.c</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>or you can restore both the index and the working tree (this is the same
as using <a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a>)</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git restore --source=HEAD --staged --worktree hello.c</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>or the short form which is more practical but less readable:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git restore -s@ -SW hello.c</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
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<p><a href="git-checkout.html">git-checkout(1)</a>,
<a href="git-reset.html">git-reset(1)</a></p>
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<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
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Last updated 2025-08-04 09:35:46 -0700
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