# Minimal tests for dis module

import ast
import contextlib
import dis
import functools
import io
import itertools
import opcode
import re
import sys
import tempfile
import textwrap
import types
import unittest
from test.support import (captured_stdout, requires_debug_ranges,
                          requires_specialization, cpython_only,
                          os_helper, import_helper, reset_code)
from test.support.bytecode_helper import BytecodeTestCase


CACHE = dis.opmap["CACHE"]

def get_tb():
    def _error():
        try:
            1 / 0
        except Exception as e:
            tb = e.__traceback__
        return tb

    tb = _error()
    while tb.tb_next:
        tb = tb.tb_next
    return tb

TRACEBACK_CODE = get_tb().tb_frame.f_code

class _C:
    def __init__(self, x):
        self.x = x == 1

    @staticmethod
    def sm(x):
        x = x == 1

    @classmethod
    def cm(cls, x):
        cls.x = x == 1

dis_c_instance_method = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         1 (x)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              COMPARE_OP              72 (==)
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (self)
              STORE_ATTR               0 (x)
              LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (_C.__init__.__code__.co_firstlineno, _C.__init__.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,)

dis_c_instance_method_bytes = """\
          RESUME                   0
          LOAD_FAST_BORROW         1
          LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
          COMPARE_OP              72 (==)
          LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0
          STORE_ATTR               0
          LOAD_CONST               1
          RETURN_VALUE
"""

dis_c_class_method = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         1 (x)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              COMPARE_OP              72 (==)
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (cls)
              STORE_ATTR               0 (x)
              LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (_C.cm.__code__.co_firstlineno, _C.cm.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,)

dis_c_static_method = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (x)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              COMPARE_OP              72 (==)
              STORE_FAST               0 (x)
              LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (_C.sm.__code__.co_firstlineno, _C.sm.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,)

# Class disassembling info has an extra newline at end.
dis_c = """\
Disassembly of %s:
%s
Disassembly of %s:
%s
Disassembly of %s:
%s
""" % (_C.__init__.__name__, dis_c_instance_method,
       _C.cm.__name__, dis_c_class_method,
       _C.sm.__name__, dis_c_static_method)

def _f(a):
    print(a)
    return 1

dis_f = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (print + NULL)
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (a)
              CALL                     1
              POP_TOP

%3d           LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (_f.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       _f.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _f.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2)

dis_f_with_offsets = """\
%3d          0       RESUME                   0

%3d          2       LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (print + NULL)
            12       LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (a)
            14       CALL                     1
            22       POP_TOP

%3d         24       LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
            26       RETURN_VALUE
""" % (_f.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       _f.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _f.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2)

dis_f_with_positions_format = f"""\
%-14s           RESUME                   0

%-14s           LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (print + NULL)
%-14s           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (a)
%-14s           CALL                     1
%-14s           POP_TOP

%-14s           LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
%-14s           RETURN_VALUE
"""

dis_f_co_code = """\
          RESUME                   0
          LOAD_GLOBAL              1
          LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0
          CALL                     1
          POP_TOP
          LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
          RETURN_VALUE
"""

def bug708901():
    for res in range(1,
                     10):
        pass

dis_bug708901 = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (range + NULL)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1

%3d           LOAD_SMALL_INT          10

%3d           CALL                     2
              GET_ITER
      L1:     FOR_ITER                 3 (to L2)
              STORE_FAST               0 (res)

%3d           JUMP_BACKWARD            5 (to L1)

%3d   L2:     END_FOR
              POP_ITER
              LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1)


def bug1333982(x=[]):
    assert 0, ((s for s in x) +
              1)
    pass

dis_bug1333982 = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_COMMON_CONSTANT     0 (AssertionError)
              LOAD_CONST               1 (<code object <genexpr> at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>)
              MAKE_FUNCTION
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (x)
              CALL                     0

%3d           LOAD_SMALL_INT           1

%3d           BINARY_OP                0 (+)
              CALL                     0
              RAISE_VARARGS            1
""" % (bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       __file__,
       bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
       bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1)


def bug42562():
    pass


# Set line number for 'pass' to None
bug42562.__code__ = bug42562.__code__.replace(co_linetable=b'\xf8')


dis_bug42562 = """\
          RESUME                   0
          LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
          RETURN_VALUE
"""

# Extended arg followed by NOP
code_bug_45757 = bytes([
        opcode.opmap['EXTENDED_ARG'], 0x01,
        opcode.opmap['NOP'],          0xFF,
        opcode.opmap['EXTENDED_ARG'], 0x01,
        opcode.opmap['LOAD_CONST'],   0x29,
        opcode.opmap['RETURN_VALUE'], 0x00,
    ])

dis_bug_45757 = """\
          EXTENDED_ARG             1
          NOP
          EXTENDED_ARG             1
          LOAD_CONST             297
          RETURN_VALUE
"""

# [255, 255, 255, 252] is -4 in a 4 byte signed integer
bug46724 = bytes([
    opcode.EXTENDED_ARG, 255,
    opcode.EXTENDED_ARG, 255,
    opcode.EXTENDED_ARG, 255,
    opcode.opmap['JUMP_FORWARD'], 252,
])


dis_bug46724 = """\
  L1:     EXTENDED_ARG           255
          EXTENDED_ARG         65535
          EXTENDED_ARG         16777215
          JUMP_FORWARD            -4 (to L1)
"""

def func_w_kwargs(a, b, **c):
    pass

def wrap_func_w_kwargs():
    func_w_kwargs(1, 2, c=5)

dis_kw_names = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (func_w_kwargs + NULL)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           2
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           5
              LOAD_CONST               1 (('c',))
              CALL_KW                  3
              POP_TOP
              LOAD_CONST               2 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (wrap_func_w_kwargs.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       wrap_func_w_kwargs.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1)

dis_intrinsic_1_2 = """\
  0           RESUME                   0

  1           LOAD_SMALL_INT           0
              LOAD_CONST               1 (('*',))
              IMPORT_NAME              0 (math)
              CALL_INTRINSIC_1         2 (INTRINSIC_IMPORT_STAR)
              POP_TOP
              LOAD_CONST               2 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""

dis_intrinsic_1_5 = """\
  0           RESUME                   0

  1           LOAD_NAME                0 (a)
              CALL_INTRINSIC_1         5 (INTRINSIC_UNARY_POSITIVE)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""

dis_intrinsic_1_6 = """\
  0           RESUME                   0

  1           BUILD_LIST               0
              LOAD_NAME                0 (a)
              LIST_EXTEND              1
              CALL_INTRINSIC_1         6 (INTRINSIC_LIST_TO_TUPLE)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""

_BIG_LINENO_FORMAT = """\
  1           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (spam)
              POP_TOP
              LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""

_BIG_LINENO_FORMAT2 = """\
   1           RESUME                   0

%4d           LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (spam)
               POP_TOP
               LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
               RETURN_VALUE
"""

dis_module_expected_results = """\
Disassembly of f:
  4           RESUME                   0
              LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE

Disassembly of g:
  5           RESUME                   0
              LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE

"""

expr_str = "x + 1"

dis_expr_str = """\
  0           RESUME                   0

  1           LOAD_NAME                0 (x)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              BINARY_OP                0 (+)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""

simple_stmt_str = "x = x + 1"

dis_simple_stmt_str = """\
  0           RESUME                   0

  1           LOAD_NAME                0 (x)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              BINARY_OP                0 (+)
              STORE_NAME               0 (x)
              LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""

annot_stmt_str = """\

x: int = 1
y: fun(1)
lst[fun(0)]: int = 1
"""
# leading newline is for a reason (tests lineno)

dis_annot_stmt_str = """\
  --           MAKE_CELL                0 (__conditional_annotations__)

   0           RESUME                   0

   2           LOAD_CONST               1 (<code object __annotate__ at 0x..., file "<dis>", line 2>)
               MAKE_FUNCTION
               STORE_NAME               4 (__annotate__)
               BUILD_SET                0
               STORE_NAME               0 (__conditional_annotations__)
               LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
               STORE_NAME               1 (x)
               LOAD_NAME                0 (__conditional_annotations__)
               LOAD_SMALL_INT           0
               SET_ADD                  1
               POP_TOP

   3           LOAD_NAME                0 (__conditional_annotations__)
               LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
               SET_ADD                  1
               POP_TOP

   4           LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
               LOAD_NAME                2 (lst)
               LOAD_NAME                3 (fun)
               PUSH_NULL
               LOAD_SMALL_INT           0
               CALL                     1
               STORE_SUBSCR
               LOAD_CONST               2 (None)
               RETURN_VALUE
"""

fn_with_annotate_str = """
def foo(a: int, b: str) -> str:
    return a * b
"""

dis_fn_with_annotate_str = """\
  0           RESUME                   0

  2           LOAD_CONST               0 (<code object __annotate__ at 0x..., file "<dis>", line 2>)
              MAKE_FUNCTION
              LOAD_CONST               1 (<code object foo at 0x..., file "<dis>", line 2>)
              MAKE_FUNCTION
              SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE  16 (annotate)
              STORE_NAME               0 (foo)
              LOAD_CONST               2 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""

compound_stmt_str = """\
x = 0
while 1:
    x += 1"""
# Trailing newline has been deliberately omitted

dis_compound_stmt_str = """\
  0           RESUME                   0

  1           LOAD_SMALL_INT           0
              STORE_NAME               0 (x)

  2   L1:     NOP

  3           LOAD_NAME                0 (x)
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              BINARY_OP               13 (+=)
              STORE_NAME               0 (x)
              JUMP_BACKWARD           12 (to L1)
"""

dis_traceback = """\
%4d            RESUME                   0

%4d            NOP

%4d    L1:     LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
                LOAD_SMALL_INT           0
            --> BINARY_OP               11 (/)
                POP_TOP

%4d    L2:     LOAD_FAST_CHECK          1 (tb)
                RETURN_VALUE

  --    L3:     PUSH_EXC_INFO

%4d            LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (Exception)
                CHECK_EXC_MATCH
                POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE       24 (to L9)
        L4:     NOT_TAKEN
        L5:     STORE_FAST               0 (e)

%4d    L6:     LOAD_FAST                0 (e)
                LOAD_ATTR                2 (__traceback__)
                STORE_FAST               1 (tb)
        L7:     POP_EXCEPT
                LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
                STORE_FAST               0 (e)
                DELETE_FAST              0 (e)

%4d            LOAD_FAST                1 (tb)
                RETURN_VALUE

  --    L8:     LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
                STORE_FAST               0 (e)
                DELETE_FAST              0 (e)
                RERAISE                  1

%4d    L9:     RERAISE                  0

  --   L10:     COPY                     3
                POP_EXCEPT
                RERAISE                  1
ExceptionTable:
  L1 to L2 -> L3 [0]
  L3 to L4 -> L10 [1] lasti
  L5 to L6 -> L10 [1] lasti
  L6 to L7 -> L8 [1] lasti
  L8 to L10 -> L10 [1] lasti
""" % (TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno,
       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 1,
       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 2,
       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 5,
       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 3,
       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 4,
       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 5,
       TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 3)

def _fstring(a, b, c, d):
    return f'{a} {b:4} {c!r} {d!r:4}'

dis_fstring = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (a)
              FORMAT_SIMPLE
              LOAD_CONST               0 (' ')
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         1 (b)
              LOAD_CONST               1 ('4')
              FORMAT_WITH_SPEC
              LOAD_CONST               0 (' ')
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         2 (c)
              CONVERT_VALUE            2 (repr)
              FORMAT_SIMPLE
              LOAD_CONST               0 (' ')
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         3 (d)
              CONVERT_VALUE            2 (repr)
              LOAD_CONST               1 ('4')
              FORMAT_WITH_SPEC
              BUILD_STRING             7
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (_fstring.__code__.co_firstlineno, _fstring.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1)

def _with(c):
    with c:
        x = 1
    y = 2

dis_with = """\
%4d           RESUME                   0

%4d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (c)
               COPY                     1
               LOAD_SPECIAL             1 (__exit__)
               SWAP                     2
               SWAP                     3
               LOAD_SPECIAL             0 (__enter__)
               CALL                     0
       L1:     POP_TOP

%4d           LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
               STORE_FAST               1 (x)

%4d   L2:     LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
               LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
               LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
               CALL                     3
               POP_TOP

%4d           LOAD_SMALL_INT           2
               STORE_FAST               2 (y)
               LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
               RETURN_VALUE

%4d   L3:     PUSH_EXC_INFO
               WITH_EXCEPT_START
               TO_BOOL
               POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE         2 (to L6)
       L4:     NOT_TAKEN
       L5:     RERAISE                  2
       L6:     POP_TOP
       L7:     POP_EXCEPT
               POP_TOP
               POP_TOP
               POP_TOP

%4d           LOAD_SMALL_INT           2
               STORE_FAST               2 (y)
               LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
               RETURN_VALUE

  --   L8:     COPY                     3
               POP_EXCEPT
               RERAISE                  1
ExceptionTable:
  L1 to L2 -> L3 [2] lasti
  L3 to L4 -> L8 [4] lasti
  L5 to L7 -> L8 [4] lasti
""" % (_with.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       _with.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _with.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
       _with.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _with.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       _with.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _with.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       )

async def _asyncwith(c):
    async with c:
        x = 1
    y = 2

dis_asyncwith = """\
%4d            RETURN_GENERATOR
                POP_TOP
        L1:     RESUME                   0

%4d            LOAD_FAST                0 (c)
                COPY                     1
                LOAD_SPECIAL             3 (__aexit__)
                SWAP                     2
                SWAP                     3
                LOAD_SPECIAL             2 (__aenter__)
                CALL                     0
                GET_AWAITABLE            1
                LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
        L2:     SEND                     3 (to L5)
        L3:     YIELD_VALUE              1
        L4:     RESUME                   3
                JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT 5 (to L2)
        L5:     END_SEND
        L6:     POP_TOP

%4d            LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
                STORE_FAST               1 (x)

%4d    L7:     LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                CALL                     3
                GET_AWAITABLE            2
                LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
        L8:     SEND                     3 (to L11)
        L9:     YIELD_VALUE              1
       L10:     RESUME                   3
                JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT 5 (to L8)
       L11:     END_SEND
                POP_TOP

%4d            LOAD_SMALL_INT           2
                STORE_FAST               2 (y)
                LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                RETURN_VALUE

%4d   L12:     CLEANUP_THROW
       L13:     JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT 26 (to L5)
       L14:     CLEANUP_THROW
       L15:     JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT 10 (to L11)
       L16:     PUSH_EXC_INFO
                WITH_EXCEPT_START
                GET_AWAITABLE            2
                LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
       L17:     SEND                     4 (to L21)
       L18:     YIELD_VALUE              1
       L19:     RESUME                   3
                JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT 5 (to L17)
       L20:     CLEANUP_THROW
       L21:     END_SEND
                TO_BOOL
                POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE         2 (to L24)
       L22:     NOT_TAKEN
       L23:     RERAISE                  2
       L24:     POP_TOP
       L25:     POP_EXCEPT
                POP_TOP
                POP_TOP
                POP_TOP

%4d            LOAD_SMALL_INT           2
                STORE_FAST               2 (y)
                LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                RETURN_VALUE

  --   L26:     COPY                     3
                POP_EXCEPT
                RERAISE                  1
       L27:     CALL_INTRINSIC_1         3 (INTRINSIC_STOPITERATION_ERROR)
                RERAISE                  1
ExceptionTable:
  L1 to L3 -> L27 [0] lasti
  L3 to L4 -> L12 [4]
  L4 to L6 -> L27 [0] lasti
  L6 to L7 -> L16 [2] lasti
  L7 to L9 -> L27 [0] lasti
  L9 to L10 -> L14 [2]
  L10 to L13 -> L27 [0] lasti
  L14 to L15 -> L27 [0] lasti
  L16 to L18 -> L26 [4] lasti
  L18 to L19 -> L20 [7]
  L19 to L22 -> L26 [4] lasti
  L23 to L25 -> L26 [4] lasti
  L25 to L27 -> L27 [0] lasti
""" % (_asyncwith.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       _asyncwith.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _asyncwith.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
       _asyncwith.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _asyncwith.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       _asyncwith.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _asyncwith.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       )


def _tryfinally(a, b):
    try:
        return a
    finally:
        b()

def _tryfinallyconst(b):
    try:
        return 1
    finally:
        b()

dis_tryfinally = """\
%4d           RESUME                   0

%4d           NOP

%4d   L1:     LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (a)

%4d   L2:     LOAD_FAST_BORROW         1 (b)
               PUSH_NULL
               CALL                     0
               POP_TOP
               RETURN_VALUE

  --   L3:     PUSH_EXC_INFO

%4d           LOAD_FAST                1 (b)
               PUSH_NULL
               CALL                     0
               POP_TOP
               RERAISE                  0

  --   L4:     COPY                     3
               POP_EXCEPT
               RERAISE                  1
ExceptionTable:
  L1 to L2 -> L3 [0]
  L3 to L4 -> L4 [1] lasti
""" % (_tryfinally.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       _tryfinally.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _tryfinally.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
       _tryfinally.__code__.co_firstlineno + 4,
       _tryfinally.__code__.co_firstlineno + 4,
       )

dis_tryfinallyconst = """\
%4d           RESUME                   0

%4d           NOP

%4d           NOP

%4d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (b)
               PUSH_NULL
               CALL                     0
               POP_TOP
               LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
               RETURN_VALUE

  --   L1:     PUSH_EXC_INFO

%4d           LOAD_FAST                0 (b)
               PUSH_NULL
               CALL                     0
               POP_TOP
               RERAISE                  0

  --   L2:     COPY                     3
               POP_EXCEPT
               RERAISE                  1
ExceptionTable:
  L1 to L2 -> L2 [1] lasti
""" % (_tryfinallyconst.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       _tryfinallyconst.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _tryfinallyconst.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
       _tryfinallyconst.__code__.co_firstlineno + 4,
       _tryfinallyconst.__code__.co_firstlineno + 4,
       )

def _g(x):
    yield x

async def _ag(x):
    yield x

async def _co(x):
    async for item in _ag(x):
        pass

def _h(y):
    def foo(x):
        '''funcdoc'''
        return list(x + z for z in y)
    return foo

dis_nested_0 = """\
  --           MAKE_CELL                0 (y)

%4d           RESUME                   0

%4d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (y)
               BUILD_TUPLE              1
               LOAD_CONST               0 (<code object foo at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>)
               MAKE_FUNCTION
               SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE   8 (closure)
               STORE_FAST               1 (foo)

%4d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW         1 (foo)
               RETURN_VALUE
""" % (_h.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       __file__,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 4,
)

dis_nested_1 = """%s
Disassembly of <code object foo at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>:
  --           COPY_FREE_VARS           1
               MAKE_CELL                0 (x)

%4d           RESUME                   0

%4d           LOAD_GLOBAL              0 (list)
               COPY                     1
               LOAD_COMMON_CONSTANT     5 (list)
               IS_OP                    0 (is)
               POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE       22 (to L3)
               NOT_TAKEN
               POP_TOP
               BUILD_LIST               0
               LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (x)
               BUILD_TUPLE              1
               LOAD_CONST               %d (<code object <genexpr> at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>)
               MAKE_FUNCTION
               SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE   8 (closure)
               LOAD_DEREF               1 (y)
               CALL                     0
               PUSH_NULL
       L1:     FOR_ITER                 3 (to L2)
               LIST_APPEND              3
               JUMP_BACKWARD            5 (to L1)
       L2:     END_FOR
               POP_ITER
               RETURN_VALUE
       L3:     PUSH_NULL
               LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (x)
               BUILD_TUPLE              1
               LOAD_CONST               1 (<code object <genexpr> at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>)
               MAKE_FUNCTION
               SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE   8 (closure)
               LOAD_DEREF               1 (y)
               CALL                     0
               CALL                     1
               RETURN_VALUE
""" % (dis_nested_0,
       __file__,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       1 if __debug__ else 0,
       __file__,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       __file__,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
)

dis_nested_2 = """%s
Disassembly of <code object <genexpr> at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>:
  --           COPY_FREE_VARS           1

%4d           LOAD_FAST                0 (.0)
               GET_ITER
               RETURN_GENERATOR
               POP_TOP
       L1:     RESUME                   0
       L2:     FOR_ITER                14 (to L3)
               STORE_FAST               1 (z)
               LOAD_DEREF               2 (x)
               LOAD_FAST_BORROW         1 (z)
               BINARY_OP                0 (+)
               YIELD_VALUE              0
               RESUME                   5
               POP_TOP
               JUMP_BACKWARD           16 (to L2)
       L3:     END_FOR
               POP_ITER
               LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
               RETURN_VALUE

  --   L4:     CALL_INTRINSIC_1         3 (INTRINSIC_STOPITERATION_ERROR)
               RERAISE                  1
ExceptionTable:
  L1 to L4 -> L4 [2] lasti
""" % (dis_nested_1,
       __file__,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
       _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3,
)

def load_test(x, y=0):
    a, b = x, y
    return a, b

dis_load_test_quickened_code = """\
%3d           RESUME_CHECK             0

%3d           LOAD_FAST_LOAD_FAST      1 (x, y)
              STORE_FAST_STORE_FAST   50 (b, a)

%3d           LOAD_FAST_BORROW_LOAD_FAST_BORROW 35 (a, b)
              BUILD_TUPLE              2
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (load_test.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       load_test.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       load_test.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2)

def loop_test():
    for i in [1, 2, 3] * 3:
        load_test(i)

dis_loop_test_quickened_code = """\
%3d           RESUME_CHECK             0

%3d           BUILD_LIST               0
              LOAD_CONST               2 ((1, 2, 3))
              LIST_EXTEND              1
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           3
              BINARY_OP                5 (*)
              GET_ITER
      L1:     FOR_ITER_LIST           14 (to L2)
              STORE_FAST               0 (i)

%3d           LOAD_GLOBAL_MODULE       1 (load_test + NULL)
              LOAD_FAST_BORROW         0 (i)
              CALL_PY_GENERAL          1
              POP_TOP
              JUMP_BACKWARD_{: <6}    16 (to L1)

%3d   L2:     END_FOR
              POP_ITER
              LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
""" % (loop_test.__code__.co_firstlineno,
       loop_test.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,
       loop_test.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,
       loop_test.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,)

def extended_arg_quick():
    *_, _ = ...

dis_extended_arg_quick_code = """\
%3d           RESUME                   0

%3d           LOAD_CONST               0 (Ellipsis)
              EXTENDED_ARG             1
              UNPACK_EX              256
              POP_TOP
              STORE_FAST               0 (_)
              LOAD_CONST               1 (None)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""% (extended_arg_quick.__code__.co_firstlineno,
      extended_arg_quick.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,)

class DisTestBase(unittest.TestCase):
    "Common utilities for DisTests and TestDisTraceback"

    def strip_addresses(self, text):
        return re.sub(r'\b0x[0-9A-Fa-f]+\b', '0x...', text)

    def assert_exception_table_increasing(self, lines):
        prev_start, prev_end = -1, -1
        count = 0
        for line in lines:
            m = re.match(r'  L(\d+) to L(\d+) -> L\d+ \[\d+\]', line)
            start, end = [int(g) for g in m.groups()]
            self.assertGreaterEqual(end, start)
            self.assertGreaterEqual(start, prev_end)
            prev_start, prev_end = start, end
            count += 1
        return count

    def do_disassembly_compare(self, got, expected):
        if got != expected:
            got = self.strip_addresses(got)
        self.assertEqual(got, expected)


class DisTests(DisTestBase):

    maxDiff = None

    def get_disassembly(self, func, lasti=-1, wrapper=True, **kwargs):
        # We want to test the default printing behaviour, not the file arg
        output = io.StringIO()
        with contextlib.redirect_stdout(output):
            if wrapper:
                dis.dis(func, **kwargs)
            else:
                dis.disassemble(func, lasti, **kwargs)
        return output.getvalue()

    def get_disassemble_as_string(self, func, lasti=-1):
        return self.get_disassembly(func, lasti, False)

    def do_disassembly_test(self, func, expected, **kwargs):
        self.maxDiff = None
        got = self.get_disassembly(func, depth=0, **kwargs)
        self.do_disassembly_compare(got, expected)
        # Add checks for dis.disco
        if hasattr(func, '__code__'):
            got_disco = io.StringIO()
            with contextlib.redirect_stdout(got_disco):
                dis.disco(func.__code__, **kwargs)
            self.do_disassembly_compare(got_disco.getvalue(), expected)

    def test_opmap(self):
        self.assertEqual(dis.opmap["CACHE"], 0)
        self.assertIn(dis.opmap["LOAD_CONST"], dis.hasconst)
        self.assertIn(dis.opmap["STORE_NAME"], dis.hasname)

    def test_opname(self):
        self.assertEqual(dis.opname[dis.opmap["LOAD_FAST"]], "LOAD_FAST")

    def test_boundaries(self):
        self.assertEqual(dis.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], dis.EXTENDED_ARG)

    def test_widths(self):
        long_opcodes = set(['JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT',
                            'LOAD_FAST_BORROW_LOAD_FAST_BORROW',
                            'INSTRUMENTED_CALL_FUNCTION_EX',
                            'ANNOTATIONS_PLACEHOLDER'])
        for op, opname in enumerate(dis.opname):
            if opname in long_opcodes or opname.startswith("INSTRUMENTED"):
                continue
            if opname in opcode._specialized_opmap:
                continue
            with self.subTest(opname=opname):
                width = dis._OPNAME_WIDTH
                if op in dis.hasarg:
                    width += 1 + dis._OPARG_WIDTH
                self.assertLessEqual(len(opname), width)

    def test_dis(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_f, dis_f)

    def test_dis_with_offsets(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_f, dis_f_with_offsets, show_offsets=True)

    @requires_debug_ranges()
    def test_dis_with_all_positions(self):
        def format_instr_positions(instr):
            values = tuple('?' if p is None else p for p in instr.positions)
            return '%s:%s-%s:%s' % (values[0], values[2], values[1], values[3])

        instrs = list(dis.get_instructions(_f))
        for instr in instrs:
            with self.subTest(instr=instr):
                self.assertTrue(all(p is not None for p in instr.positions))
        positions = tuple(map(format_instr_positions, instrs))
        expected = dis_f_with_positions_format % positions
        self.do_disassembly_test(_f, expected, show_positions=True)

    @requires_debug_ranges()
    def test_dis_with_some_positions(self):
        code = ("def f():\n"
                "   try: pass\n"
                "   finally:pass")
        f = compile(ast.parse(code), "?", "exec").co_consts[0]

        expect = '\n'.join([
            '1:0-1:0              RESUME                   0',
            '',
            '2:3-3:15             NOP',
            '',
            '3:11-3:15            LOAD_CONST               0 (None)',
            '3:11-3:15            RETURN_VALUE',
            '',
            '  --         L1:     PUSH_EXC_INFO',
            '',
            '3:11-3:15            RERAISE                  0',
            '',
            '  --         L2:     COPY                     3',
            '  --                 POP_EXCEPT',
            '  --                 RERAISE                  1',
            'ExceptionTable:',
            '  L1 to L2 -> L2 [1] lasti',
            '',
        ])
        self.do_disassembly_test(f, expect, show_positions=True)

    @requires_debug_ranges()
    def test_dis_with_linenos_but_no_columns(self):
        code = "def f():\n\tx = 1"
        tree = ast.parse(code)
        func = tree.body[0]
        ass_x = func.body[0].targets[0]
        # remove columns information but keep line information
        ass_x.col_offset = ass_x.end_col_offset = -1
        f = compile(tree, "?", "exec").co_consts[0]

        expect = '\n'.join([
            '1:0-1:0            RESUME                   0',
            '',
            '2:5-2:6            LOAD_SMALL_INT           1',
            '2:?-2:?            STORE_FAST               0 (x)',
            '2:?-2:?            LOAD_CONST               1 (None)',
            '2:?-2:?            RETURN_VALUE',
            '',
        ])
        self.do_disassembly_test(f, expect, show_positions=True)

    def test_dis_with_no_positions(self):
        def f():
            pass

        f.__code__ = f.__code__.replace(co_linetable=b'')
        expect = '\n'.join([
            '          RESUME                   0',
            '          LOAD_CONST               0 (None)',
            '          RETURN_VALUE',
            '',
        ])
        self.do_disassembly_test(f, expect, show_positions=True)

    def test_bug_708901(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(bug708901, dis_bug708901)

    def test_bug_1333982(self):
        # This one is checking bytecodes generated for an `assert` statement,
        # so fails if the tests are run with -O.  Skip this test then.
        if not __debug__:
            self.skipTest('need asserts, run without -O')

        self.do_disassembly_test(bug1333982, dis_bug1333982)

    def test_bug_42562(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(bug42562, dis_bug42562)

    def test_bug_45757(self):
        # Extended arg followed by NOP
        self.do_disassembly_test(code_bug_45757, dis_bug_45757)

    def test_bug_46724(self):
        # Test that negative operargs are handled properly
        self.do_disassembly_test(bug46724, dis_bug46724)

    def test_kw_names(self):
        # Test that value is displayed for keyword argument names:
        self.do_disassembly_test(wrap_func_w_kwargs, dis_kw_names)

    def test_intrinsic_1(self):
        # Test that argrepr is displayed for CALL_INTRINSIC_1
        self.do_disassembly_test("from math import *", dis_intrinsic_1_2)
        self.do_disassembly_test("+a", dis_intrinsic_1_5)
        self.do_disassembly_test("(*a,)", dis_intrinsic_1_6)

    def test_intrinsic_2(self):
        self.assertIn("CALL_INTRINSIC_2         1 (INTRINSIC_PREP_RERAISE_STAR)",
                      self.get_disassembly("try: pass\nexcept* Exception: x"))

    def test_big_linenos(self):
        def func(count):
            namespace = {}
            func = "def foo():\n " + "".join(["\n "] * count + ["spam\n"])
            exec(func, namespace)
            return namespace['foo']

        # Test all small ranges
        for i in range(1, 300):
            expected = _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT % (i + 2)
            self.do_disassembly_test(func(i), expected)

        # Test some larger ranges too
        for i in range(300, 1000, 10):
            expected = _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT % (i + 2)
            self.do_disassembly_test(func(i), expected)

        for i in range(1000, 5000, 10):
            expected = _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT2 % (i + 2)
            self.do_disassembly_test(func(i), expected)

        from test import dis_module
        self.do_disassembly_test(dis_module, dis_module_expected_results)

    def test_disassemble_str(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(expr_str, dis_expr_str)
        self.do_disassembly_test(simple_stmt_str, dis_simple_stmt_str)
        self.do_disassembly_test(annot_stmt_str, dis_annot_stmt_str)
        self.do_disassembly_test(fn_with_annotate_str, dis_fn_with_annotate_str)
        self.do_disassembly_test(compound_stmt_str, dis_compound_stmt_str)

    def test_disassemble_bytes(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_f.__code__.co_code, dis_f_co_code)

    def test_disassemble_class(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_C, dis_c)

    def test_disassemble_instance_method(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_C(1).__init__, dis_c_instance_method)

    def test_disassemble_instance_method_bytes(self):
        method_bytecode = _C(1).__init__.__code__.co_code
        self.do_disassembly_test(method_bytecode, dis_c_instance_method_bytes)

    def test_disassemble_static_method(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_C.sm, dis_c_static_method)

    def test_disassemble_class_method(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_C.cm, dis_c_class_method)

    def test_disassemble_generator(self):
        gen_func_disas = self.get_disassembly(_g)  # Generator function
        gen_disas = self.get_disassembly(_g(1))  # Generator iterator
        self.assertEqual(gen_disas, gen_func_disas)

    def test_disassemble_async_generator(self):
        agen_func_disas = self.get_disassembly(_ag)  # Async generator function
        agen_disas = self.get_disassembly(_ag(1))  # Async generator iterator
        self.assertEqual(agen_disas, agen_func_disas)

    def test_disassemble_coroutine(self):
        coro_func_disas = self.get_disassembly(_co)  # Coroutine function
        coro = _co(1)  # Coroutine object
        coro.close()  # Avoid a RuntimeWarning (never awaited)
        coro_disas = self.get_disassembly(coro)
        self.assertEqual(coro_disas, coro_func_disas)

    def test_disassemble_fstring(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_fstring, dis_fstring)

    def test_disassemble_with(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_with, dis_with)

    def test_disassemble_asyncwith(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_asyncwith, dis_asyncwith)

    def test_disassemble_try_finally(self):
        self.do_disassembly_test(_tryfinally, dis_tryfinally)
        self.do_disassembly_test(_tryfinallyconst, dis_tryfinallyconst)

    def test_dis_none(self):
        try:
            del sys.last_exc
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        try:
            del sys.last_traceback
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, dis.dis, None)

    def test_dis_traceback(self):
        self.maxDiff = None
        try:
            del sys.last_traceback
        except AttributeError:
            pass

        try:
            1/0
        except Exception as e:
            tb = e.__traceback__
            sys.last_exc = e

        tb_dis = self.get_disassemble_as_string(tb.tb_frame.f_code, tb.tb_lasti)
        self.do_disassembly_test(None, tb_dis)

    def test_dis_object(self):
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, dis.dis, object())

    def test_disassemble_recursive(self):
        def check(expected, **kwargs):
            dis = self.get_disassembly(_h, **kwargs)
            dis = self.strip_addresses(dis)
            self.assertEqual(dis, expected)

        check(dis_nested_0, depth=0)
        check(dis_nested_1, depth=1)
        check(dis_nested_2, depth=2)
        check(dis_nested_2, depth=3)
        check(dis_nested_2, depth=None)
        check(dis_nested_2)

    def test__try_compile_no_context_exc_on_error(self):
        # see gh-102114
        try:
            dis._try_compile(")", "")
        except Exception as e:
            self.assertIsNone(e.__context__)

    def test_async_for_presentation(self):

        async def afunc():
            async for letter in async_iter1:
                l2
            l3

        disassembly =  self.get_disassembly(afunc)
        for line in disassembly.split("\n"):
            if "END_ASYNC_FOR" in line:
                break
        else:
            self.fail("No END_ASYNC_FOR in disassembly of async for")
        self.assertNotIn("to", line)
        self.assertIn("from", line)


    @staticmethod
    def code_quicken(f):
        _testinternalcapi = import_helper.import_module("_testinternalcapi")
        for _ in range(_testinternalcapi.SPECIALIZATION_THRESHOLD):
            f()

    @cpython_only
    @requires_specialization
    def test_super_instructions(self):
        self.code_quicken(lambda: load_test(0, 0))
        got = self.get_disassembly(load_test, adaptive=True)
        self.do_disassembly_compare(got, dis_load_test_quickened_code)

    @cpython_only
    @requires_specialization
    def test_load_attr_specialize(self):
        load_attr_quicken = """\
  0           RESUME_CHECK             0

  1           LOAD_CONST               0 ('a')
              LOAD_ATTR_SLOT           0 (__class__)
              RETURN_VALUE
"""
        co = compile("'a'.__class__", "", "eval")
        self.code_quicken(lambda: exec(co, {}, {}))
        got = self.get_disassembly(co, adaptive=True)
        self.do_disassembly_compare(got, load_attr_quicken)

    @cpython_only
    @requires_specialization
    def test_call_specialize(self):
        call_quicken = """\
  0           RESUME_CHECK             0

  1           LOAD_NAME                0 (str)
              PUSH_NULL
              LOAD_SMALL_INT           1
              CALL_STR_1               1
              RETURN_VALUE
"""
        co = compile("str(1)", "", "eval")
        self.code_quicken(lambda: exec(co, {}, {}))
        got = self.get_disassembly(co, adaptive=True)
        self.do_disassembly_compare(got, call_quicken)

    @cpython_only
    @requires_specialization
    def test_loop_quicken(self):
        # Loop can trigger a quicken where the loop is located
        self.code_quicken(loop_test)
        got = self.get_disassembly(loop_test, adaptive=True)
        jit = sys._jit.is_enabled()
        expected = dis_loop_test_quickened_code.format("JIT" if jit else "NO_JIT")
        self.do_disassembly_compare(got, expected)

    @cpython_only
    @requires_specialization
    def test_loop_with_conditional_at_end_is_quickened(self):
        _testinternalcapi = import_helper.import_module("_testinternalcapi")
        def for_loop_true(x):
            for _ in range(_testinternalcapi.SPECIALIZATION_THRESHOLD):
                if x:
                    pass

        for_loop_true(True)
        self.assertIn('FOR_ITER_RANGE',
                      self.get_disassembly(for_loop_true, adaptive=True))

        def for_loop_false(x):
            for _ in range(_testinternalcapi.SPECIALIZATION_THRESHOLD):
                if x:
                    pass

        for_loop_false(False)
        self.assertIn('FOR_ITER_RANGE',
                      self.get_disassembly(for_loop_false, adaptive=True))

        def while_loop():
            i = 0
            while i < _testinternalcapi.SPECIALIZATION_THRESHOLD:
                i += 1

        while_loop()
        self.assertIn('COMPARE_OP_INT',
                      self.get_disassembly(while_loop, adaptive=True))

    @cpython_only
    def test_extended_arg_quick(self):
        got = self.get_disassembly(extended_arg_quick)
        self.do_disassembly_compare(got, dis_extended_arg_quick_code)

    def get_cached_values(self, quickened, adaptive):
        def f():
            l = []
            for i in range(42):
                l.append(i)
        if quickened:
            self.code_quicken(f)
        else:
            # "copy" the code to un-quicken it:
            reset_code(f)
        for instruction in _unroll_caches_as_Instructions(dis.get_instructions(
            f, show_caches=True, adaptive=adaptive
        ), show_caches=True):
            if instruction.opname == "CACHE":
                yield instruction.argrepr

    @cpython_only
    def test_show_caches(self):
        for quickened in (False, True):
            for adaptive in (False, True):
                with self.subTest(f"{quickened=}, {adaptive=}"):
                    if adaptive:
                        pattern = r"^(\w+: \d+)?$"
                    else:
                        pattern = r"^(\w+: 0)?$"
                    caches = list(self.get_cached_values(quickened, adaptive))
                    for cache in caches:
                        self.assertRegex(cache, pattern)
                    total_caches = 21
                    empty_caches = 7
                    self.assertEqual(caches.count(""), empty_caches)
                    self.assertEqual(len(caches), total_caches)

    @cpython_only
    def test_show_currinstr_with_cache(self):
        """
        Make sure that with lasti pointing to CACHE, it still shows the current
        line correctly
        """
        def f():
            print(a)
        # The code above should generate a LOAD_GLOBAL which has CACHE instr after
        # However, this might change in the future. So we explicitly try to find
        # a CACHE entry in the instructions. If we can't do that, fail the test

        for inst in _unroll_caches_as_Instructions(
                dis.get_instructions(f, show_caches=True), show_caches=True):
            if inst.opname == "CACHE":
                op_offset = inst.offset - 2
                cache_offset = inst.offset
                break
            else:
                opname = inst.opname
        else:
            self.fail("Can't find a CACHE entry in the function provided to do the test")

        assem_op = self.get_disassembly(f.__code__, lasti=op_offset, wrapper=False)
        assem_cache = self.get_disassembly(f.__code__, lasti=cache_offset, wrapper=False)

        # Make sure --> exists and points to the correct op
        self.assertRegex(assem_op, fr"--> {opname}")
        # Make sure when lasti points to cache, it shows the same disassembly
        self.assertEqual(assem_op, assem_cache)


class DisWithFileTests(DisTests):

    # Run the tests again, using the file arg instead of print
    def get_disassembly(self, func, lasti=-1, wrapper=True, **kwargs):
        output = io.StringIO()
        if wrapper:
            dis.dis(func, file=output, **kwargs)
        else:
            dis.disassemble(func, lasti, file=output, **kwargs)
        return output.getvalue()


if dis.code_info.__doc__ is None:
    code_info_consts = "0: None"
else:
    code_info_consts = "0: 'Formatted details of methods, functions, or code.'"

code_info_code_info = f"""\
Name:              code_info
Filename:          (.*)
Argument count:    1
Positional-only arguments: 0
Kw-only arguments: 0
Number of locals:  1
Stack size:        \\d+
Flags:             OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS(, HAS_DOCSTRING)?
Constants:
   {code_info_consts}
Names:
   0: _format_code_info
   1: _get_code_object
Variable names:
   0: x"""


@staticmethod
def tricky(a, b, /, x, y, z=True, *args, c, d, e=[], **kwds):
    def f(c=c):
        print(a, b, x, y, z, c, d, e, f)
    yield a, b, x, y, z, c, d, e, f

code_info_tricky = """\
Name:              tricky
Filename:          (.*)
Argument count:    5
Positional-only arguments: 2
Kw-only arguments: 3
Number of locals:  10
Stack size:        \\d+
Flags:             OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, VARARGS, VARKEYWORDS, GENERATOR
Constants:
   0: <code object f at (.*), file "(.*)", line (.*)>
   1: None
Variable names:
   0: a
   1: b
   2: x
   3: y
   4: z
   5: c
   6: d
   7: e
   8: args
   9: kwds
Cell variables:
   0: [abedfxyz]
   1: [abedfxyz]
   2: [abedfxyz]
   3: [abedfxyz]
   4: [abedfxyz]
   5: [abedfxyz]
   6: [abedfxyz]
   7: [abedfxyz]"""
# NOTE: the order of the cell variables above depends on dictionary order!

co_tricky_nested_f = tricky.__func__.__code__.co_consts[0]

code_info_tricky_nested_f = """\
Filename:          (.*)
Argument count:    1
Positional-only arguments: 0
Kw-only arguments: 0
Number of locals:  1
Stack size:        \\d+
Flags:             OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, NESTED
Constants:
   0: None
Names:
   0: print
Variable names:
   0: c
Free variables:
   0: [abedfxyz]
   1: [abedfxyz]
   2: [abedfxyz]
   3: [abedfxyz]
   4: [abedfxyz]
   5: [abedfxyz]"""

code_info_expr_str = """\
Name:              <module>
Filename:          <disassembly>
Argument count:    0
Positional-only arguments: 0
Kw-only arguments: 0
Number of locals:  0
Stack size:        \\d+
Flags:             0x0
Constants:
   0: 1
Names:
   0: x"""

code_info_simple_stmt_str = """\
Name:              <module>
Filename:          <disassembly>
Argument count:    0
Positional-only arguments: 0
Kw-only arguments: 0
Number of locals:  0
Stack size:        \\d+
Flags:             0x0
Constants:
   0: 1
   1: None
Names:
   0: x"""

code_info_compound_stmt_str = """\
Name:              <module>
Filename:          <disassembly>
Argument count:    0
Positional-only arguments: 0
Kw-only arguments: 0
Number of locals:  0
Stack size:        \\d+
Flags:             0x0
Constants:
   0: 0
Names:
   0: x"""


async def async_def():
    await 1
    async for a in b: pass
    async with c as d: pass

code_info_async_def = """\
Name:              async_def
Filename:          (.*)
Argument count:    0
Positional-only arguments: 0
Kw-only arguments: 0
Number of locals:  2
Stack size:        \\d+
Flags:             OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, COROUTINE
Constants:
   0: 1
   1: None
Names:
   0: b
   1: c
Variable names:
   0: a
   1: d"""

class CodeInfoTests(unittest.TestCase):
    test_pairs = [
      (dis.code_info, code_info_code_info),
      (tricky, code_info_tricky),
      (co_tricky_nested_f, code_info_tricky_nested_f),
      (expr_str, code_info_expr_str),
      (simple_stmt_str, code_info_simple_stmt_str),
      (compound_stmt_str, code_info_compound_stmt_str),
      (async_def, code_info_async_def)
    ]

    def test_code_info(self):
        self.maxDiff = 1000
        for x, expected in self.test_pairs:
            self.assertRegex(dis.code_info(x), expected)

    def test_show_code(self):
        self.maxDiff = 1000
        for x, expected in self.test_pairs:
            with captured_stdout() as output:
                dis.show_code(x)
            self.assertRegex(output.getvalue(), expected+"\n")
            output = io.StringIO()
            dis.show_code(x, file=output)
            self.assertRegex(output.getvalue(), expected)

    def test_code_info_object(self):
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, dis.code_info, object())

    def test_pretty_flags_no_flags(self):
        self.assertEqual(dis.pretty_flags(0), '0x0')


# Fodder for instruction introspection tests
#   Editing any of these may require recalculating the expected output
def outer(a=1, b=2):
    def f(c=3, d=4):
        def inner(e=5, f=6):
            print(a, b, c, d, e, f)
        print(a, b, c, d)
        return inner
    print(a, b, '', 1, [], {}, "Hello world!")
    return f

def jumpy():
    # This won't actually run (but that's OK, we only disassemble it)
    for i in range(10):
        print(i)
        if i < 4:
            continue
        if i > 6:
            break
    else:
        print("I can haz else clause?")
    while i:
        print(i)
        i -= 1
        if i > 6:
            continue
        if i < 4:
            break
    else:
        print("Who let lolcatz into this test suite?")
    try:
        1 / 0
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print("Here we go, here we go, here we go...")
    else:
        with i as dodgy:
            print("Never reach this")
    finally:
        print("OK, now we're done")

# End fodder for opinfo generation tests
expected_outer_line = 1
_line_offset = outer.__code__.co_firstlineno - 1
code_object_f = outer.__code__.co_consts[1]
expected_f_line = code_object_f.co_firstlineno - _line_offset
code_object_inner = code_object_f.co_consts[1]
expected_inner_line = code_object_inner.co_firstlineno - _line_offset
expected_jumpy_line = 1

# The following lines are useful to regenerate the expected results after
# either the fodder is modified or the bytecode generation changes
# After regeneration, update the references to code_object_f and
# code_object_inner before rerunning the tests

def _stringify_instruction(instr):
    # Since postions offsets change a lot for these test cases, ignore them.
    base = (
        f"  make_inst(opname={instr.opname!r}, arg={instr.arg!r}, argval={instr.argval!r}, " +
        f"argrepr={instr.argrepr!r}, offset={instr.offset}, start_offset={instr.start_offset}, " +
        f"starts_line={instr.starts_line!r}, line_number={instr.line_number}"
    )
    if instr.label is not None:
        base += f", label={instr.label!r}"
    if instr.cache_info:
        base += f", cache_info={instr.cache_info!r}"
    return base + "),"

def _prepare_test_cases():
    ignore = io.StringIO()
    with contextlib.redirect_stdout(ignore):
        f = outer()
        inner = f()
    _instructions_outer = dis.get_instructions(outer, first_line=expected_outer_line)
    _instructions_f = dis.get_instructions(f, first_line=expected_f_line)
    _instructions_inner = dis.get_instructions(inner, first_line=expected_inner_line)
    _instructions_jumpy = dis.get_instructions(jumpy, first_line=expected_jumpy_line)
    result = "\n".join(
        [
            "expected_opinfo_outer = [",
            *map(_stringify_instruction, _instructions_outer),
            "]",
            "",
            "expected_opinfo_f = [",
            *map(_stringify_instruction, _instructions_f),
            "]",
            "",
            "expected_opinfo_inner = [",
            *map(_stringify_instruction, _instructions_inner),
            "]",
            "",
            "expected_opinfo_jumpy = [",
            *map(_stringify_instruction, _instructions_jumpy),
            "]",
        ]
    )
    result = result.replace(repr(repr(code_object_f)), "repr(code_object_f)")
    result = result.replace(repr(code_object_f), "code_object_f")
    result = result.replace(repr(repr(code_object_inner)), "repr(code_object_inner)")
    result = result.replace(repr(code_object_inner), "code_object_inner")
    print(result)

# from test.test_dis import _prepare_test_cases; _prepare_test_cases()

make_inst = dis.Instruction.make

expected_opinfo_outer = [
  make_inst(opname='MAKE_CELL', arg=0, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=0, start_offset=0, starts_line=True, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='MAKE_CELL', arg=1, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=2, start_offset=2, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='RESUME', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=4, start_offset=4, starts_line=True, line_number=1),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=4, argval=(3, 4), argrepr='(3, 4)', offset=6, start_offset=6, starts_line=True, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=8, start_offset=8, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=1, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=10, start_offset=10, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='BUILD_TUPLE', arg=2, argval=2, argrepr='', offset=12, start_offset=12, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=1, argval=code_object_f, argrepr=repr(code_object_f), offset=14, start_offset=14, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='MAKE_FUNCTION', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=16, start_offset=16, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE', arg=8, argval=8, argrepr='closure', offset=18, start_offset=18, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='defaults', offset=20, start_offset=20, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='STORE_FAST', arg=2, argval='f', argrepr='f', offset=22, start_offset=22, starts_line=False, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=24, start_offset=24, starts_line=True, line_number=7, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=0, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=34, start_offset=34, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=1, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=36, start_offset=36, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=2, argval='', argrepr="''", offset=38, start_offset=38, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=40, start_offset=40, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='BUILD_LIST', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=42, start_offset=42, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='BUILD_MAP', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=44, start_offset=44, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=3, argval='Hello world!', argrepr="'Hello world!'", offset=46, start_offset=46, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=7, argval=7, argrepr='', offset=48, start_offset=48, starts_line=False, line_number=7, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=56, start_offset=56, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=2, argval='f', argrepr='f', offset=58, start_offset=58, starts_line=True, line_number=8),
  make_inst(opname='RETURN_VALUE', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=60, start_offset=60, starts_line=False, line_number=8),
]

expected_opinfo_f = [
  make_inst(opname='COPY_FREE_VARS', arg=2, argval=2, argrepr='', offset=0, start_offset=0, starts_line=True, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='MAKE_CELL', arg=0, argval='c', argrepr='c', offset=2, start_offset=2, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='MAKE_CELL', arg=1, argval='d', argrepr='d', offset=4, start_offset=4, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='RESUME', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=6, start_offset=6, starts_line=True, line_number=2),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=2, argval=(5, 6), argrepr='(5, 6)', offset=8, start_offset=8, starts_line=True, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=3, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=10, start_offset=10, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=4, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=12, start_offset=12, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='c', argrepr='c', offset=14, start_offset=14, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=1, argval='d', argrepr='d', offset=16, start_offset=16, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='BUILD_TUPLE', arg=4, argval=4, argrepr='', offset=18, start_offset=18, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=1, argval=code_object_inner, argrepr=repr(code_object_inner), offset=20, start_offset=20, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='MAKE_FUNCTION', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=22, start_offset=22, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE', arg=8, argval=8, argrepr='closure', offset=24, start_offset=24, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='defaults', offset=26, start_offset=26, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='STORE_FAST', arg=2, argval='inner', argrepr='inner', offset=28, start_offset=28, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=30, start_offset=30, starts_line=True, line_number=5, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=3, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=40, start_offset=40, starts_line=False, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=4, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=42, start_offset=42, starts_line=False, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=0, argval='c', argrepr='c', offset=44, start_offset=44, starts_line=False, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=1, argval='d', argrepr='d', offset=46, start_offset=46, starts_line=False, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=4, argval=4, argrepr='', offset=48, start_offset=48, starts_line=False, line_number=5, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=56, start_offset=56, starts_line=False, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=2, argval='inner', argrepr='inner', offset=58, start_offset=58, starts_line=True, line_number=6),
  make_inst(opname='RETURN_VALUE', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=60, start_offset=60, starts_line=False, line_number=6),
]

expected_opinfo_inner = [
  make_inst(opname='COPY_FREE_VARS', arg=4, argval=4, argrepr='', offset=0, start_offset=0, starts_line=True, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='RESUME', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=2, start_offset=2, starts_line=True, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=4, start_offset=4, starts_line=True, line_number=4, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=2, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=14, start_offset=14, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=3, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=16, start_offset=16, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=4, argval='c', argrepr='c', offset=18, start_offset=18, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_DEREF', arg=5, argval='d', argrepr='d', offset=20, start_offset=20, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW_LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=1, argval=('e', 'f'), argrepr='e, f', offset=22, start_offset=22, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=6, argval=6, argrepr='', offset=24, start_offset=24, starts_line=False, line_number=4, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=32, start_offset=32, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=0, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=34, start_offset=34, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='RETURN_VALUE', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=36, start_offset=36, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
]

expected_opinfo_jumpy = [
  make_inst(opname='RESUME', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=0, start_offset=0, starts_line=True, line_number=1),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=1, argval='range', argrepr='range + NULL', offset=2, start_offset=2, starts_line=True, line_number=3, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=10, argval=10, argrepr='', offset=12, start_offset=12, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=14, start_offset=14, starts_line=False, line_number=3, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='GET_ITER', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=22, start_offset=22, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='FOR_ITER', arg=33, argval=94, argrepr='to L4', offset=24, start_offset=24, starts_line=False, line_number=3, label=1, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='STORE_FAST', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=28, start_offset=28, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=30, start_offset=30, starts_line=True, line_number=4, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=40, start_offset=40, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=42, start_offset=42, starts_line=False, line_number=4, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=50, start_offset=50, starts_line=False, line_number=4),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=52, start_offset=52, starts_line=True, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=4, argval=4, argrepr='', offset=54, start_offset=54, starts_line=False, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='COMPARE_OP', arg=18, argval='<', argrepr='bool(<)', offset=56, start_offset=56, starts_line=False, line_number=5, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', arg=3, argval=70, argrepr='to L2', offset=60, start_offset=60, starts_line=False, line_number=5, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='NOT_TAKEN', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=64, start_offset=64, starts_line=False, line_number=5),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_BACKWARD', arg=23, argval=24, argrepr='to L1', offset=66, start_offset=66, starts_line=True, line_number=6, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=70, start_offset=70, starts_line=True, line_number=7, label=2),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=6, argval=6, argrepr='', offset=72, start_offset=72, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='COMPARE_OP', arg=148, argval='>', argrepr='bool(>)', offset=74, start_offset=74, starts_line=False, line_number=7, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE', arg=3, argval=88, argrepr='to L3', offset=78, start_offset=78, starts_line=False, line_number=7, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='NOT_TAKEN', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=82, start_offset=82, starts_line=False, line_number=7),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_BACKWARD', arg=32, argval=24, argrepr='to L1', offset=84, start_offset=84, starts_line=False, line_number=7, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=88, start_offset=88, starts_line=True, line_number=8, label=3),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=90, start_offset=90, starts_line=False, line_number=8),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_FORWARD', arg=13, argval=120, argrepr='to L5', offset=92, start_offset=92, starts_line=False, line_number=8),
  make_inst(opname='END_FOR', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=94, start_offset=94, starts_line=True, line_number=3, label=4),
  make_inst(opname='POP_ITER', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=96, start_offset=96, starts_line=False, line_number=3),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=98, start_offset=98, starts_line=True, line_number=10, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=1, argval='I can haz else clause?', argrepr="'I can haz else clause?'", offset=108, start_offset=108, starts_line=False, line_number=10),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=110, start_offset=110, starts_line=False, line_number=10, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=118, start_offset=118, starts_line=False, line_number=10),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_CHECK', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=120, start_offset=120, starts_line=True, line_number=11, label=5),
  make_inst(opname='TO_BOOL', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=122, start_offset=122, starts_line=False, line_number=11, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', arg=40, argval=214, argrepr='to L8', offset=130, start_offset=130, starts_line=False, line_number=11, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='NOT_TAKEN', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=134, start_offset=134, starts_line=False, line_number=11),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=136, start_offset=136, starts_line=True, line_number=12, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=146, start_offset=146, starts_line=False, line_number=12),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=148, start_offset=148, starts_line=False, line_number=12, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=156, start_offset=156, starts_line=False, line_number=12),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=158, start_offset=158, starts_line=True, line_number=13),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=160, start_offset=160, starts_line=False, line_number=13),
  make_inst(opname='BINARY_OP', arg=23, argval=23, argrepr='-=', offset=162, start_offset=162, starts_line=False, line_number=13, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('descr', 4, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='STORE_FAST', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=174, start_offset=174, starts_line=False, line_number=13),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=176, start_offset=176, starts_line=True, line_number=14),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=6, argval=6, argrepr='', offset=178, start_offset=178, starts_line=False, line_number=14),
  make_inst(opname='COMPARE_OP', arg=148, argval='>', argrepr='bool(>)', offset=180, start_offset=180, starts_line=False, line_number=14, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', arg=3, argval=194, argrepr='to L6', offset=184, start_offset=184, starts_line=False, line_number=14, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='NOT_TAKEN', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=188, start_offset=188, starts_line=False, line_number=14),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_BACKWARD', arg=37, argval=120, argrepr='to L5', offset=190, start_offset=190, starts_line=True, line_number=15, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=194, start_offset=194, starts_line=True, line_number=16, label=6),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=4, argval=4, argrepr='', offset=196, start_offset=196, starts_line=False, line_number=16),
  make_inst(opname='COMPARE_OP', arg=18, argval='<', argrepr='bool(<)', offset=198, start_offset=198, starts_line=False, line_number=16, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE', arg=3, argval=212, argrepr='to L7', offset=202, start_offset=202, starts_line=False, line_number=16, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='NOT_TAKEN', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=206, start_offset=206, starts_line=False, line_number=16),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_BACKWARD', arg=46, argval=120, argrepr='to L5', offset=208, start_offset=208, starts_line=False, line_number=16, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_FORWARD', arg=11, argval=236, argrepr='to L9', offset=212, start_offset=212, starts_line=True, line_number=17, label=7),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=214, start_offset=214, starts_line=True, line_number=19, label=8, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=2, argval='Who let lolcatz into this test suite?', argrepr="'Who let lolcatz into this test suite?'", offset=224, start_offset=224, starts_line=False, line_number=19),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=226, start_offset=226, starts_line=False, line_number=19, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=234, start_offset=234, starts_line=False, line_number=19),
  make_inst(opname='NOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=236, start_offset=236, starts_line=True, line_number=20, label=9),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=238, start_offset=238, starts_line=True, line_number=21),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SMALL_INT', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=240, start_offset=240, starts_line=False, line_number=21),
  make_inst(opname='BINARY_OP', arg=11, argval=11, argrepr='/', offset=242, start_offset=242, starts_line=False, line_number=21, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('descr', 4, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=254, start_offset=254, starts_line=False, line_number=21),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_FAST_BORROW', arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=256, start_offset=256, starts_line=True, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='COPY', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=258, start_offset=258, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SPECIAL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='__exit__', offset=260, start_offset=260, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='SWAP', arg=2, argval=2, argrepr='', offset=262, start_offset=262, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='SWAP', arg=3, argval=3, argrepr='', offset=264, start_offset=264, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_SPECIAL', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='__enter__', offset=266, start_offset=266, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=268, start_offset=268, starts_line=False, line_number=25, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='STORE_FAST', arg=1, argval='dodgy', argrepr='dodgy', offset=276, start_offset=276, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=278, start_offset=278, starts_line=True, line_number=26, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=3, argval='Never reach this', argrepr="'Never reach this'", offset=288, start_offset=288, starts_line=False, line_number=26),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=290, start_offset=290, starts_line=False, line_number=26, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=298, start_offset=298, starts_line=False, line_number=26),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=4, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=300, start_offset=300, starts_line=True, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=4, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=302, start_offset=302, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=4, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=304, start_offset=304, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=3, argval=3, argrepr='', offset=306, start_offset=306, starts_line=False, line_number=25, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=314, start_offset=314, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=316, start_offset=316, starts_line=True, line_number=28, label=10, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=6, argval="OK, now we're done", argrepr='"OK, now we\'re done"', offset=326, start_offset=326, starts_line=False, line_number=28),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=328, start_offset=328, starts_line=False, line_number=28, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=336, start_offset=336, starts_line=False, line_number=28),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=4, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=338, start_offset=338, starts_line=False, line_number=28),
  make_inst(opname='RETURN_VALUE', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=340, start_offset=340, starts_line=False, line_number=28),
  make_inst(opname='PUSH_EXC_INFO', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=342, start_offset=342, starts_line=True, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='WITH_EXCEPT_START', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=344, start_offset=344, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='TO_BOOL', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=346, start_offset=346, starts_line=False, line_number=25, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE', arg=2, argval=362, argrepr='to L11', offset=354, start_offset=354, starts_line=False, line_number=25, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='NOT_TAKEN', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=358, start_offset=358, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='RERAISE', arg=2, argval=2, argrepr='', offset=360, start_offset=360, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=362, start_offset=362, starts_line=False, line_number=25, label=11),
  make_inst(opname='POP_EXCEPT', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=364, start_offset=364, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=366, start_offset=366, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=368, start_offset=368, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=370, start_offset=370, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT', arg=29, argval=316, argrepr='to L10', offset=372, start_offset=372, starts_line=False, line_number=25),
  make_inst(opname='COPY', arg=3, argval=3, argrepr='', offset=374, start_offset=374, starts_line=True, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='POP_EXCEPT', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=376, start_offset=376, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='RERAISE', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=378, start_offset=378, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='PUSH_EXC_INFO', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=380, start_offset=380, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=4, argval='ZeroDivisionError', argrepr='ZeroDivisionError', offset=382, start_offset=382, starts_line=True, line_number=22, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='CHECK_EXC_MATCH', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=392, start_offset=392, starts_line=False, line_number=22),
  make_inst(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', arg=15, argval=428, argrepr='to L12', offset=394, start_offset=394, starts_line=False, line_number=22, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='NOT_TAKEN', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=398, start_offset=398, starts_line=False, line_number=22),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=400, start_offset=400, starts_line=False, line_number=22),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=402, start_offset=402, starts_line=True, line_number=23, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=5, argval='Here we go, here we go, here we go...', argrepr="'Here we go, here we go, here we go...'", offset=412, start_offset=412, starts_line=False, line_number=23),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=414, start_offset=414, starts_line=False, line_number=23, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=422, start_offset=422, starts_line=False, line_number=23),
  make_inst(opname='POP_EXCEPT', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=424, start_offset=424, starts_line=False, line_number=23),
  make_inst(opname='JUMP_BACKWARD_NO_INTERRUPT', arg=56, argval=316, argrepr='to L10', offset=426, start_offset=426, starts_line=False, line_number=23),
  make_inst(opname='RERAISE', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=428, start_offset=428, starts_line=True, line_number=22, label=12),
  make_inst(opname='COPY', arg=3, argval=3, argrepr='', offset=430, start_offset=430, starts_line=True, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='POP_EXCEPT', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=432, start_offset=432, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='RERAISE', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=434, start_offset=434, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='PUSH_EXC_INFO', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=436, start_offset=436, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', arg=3, argval='print', argrepr='print + NULL', offset=438, start_offset=438, starts_line=True, line_number=28, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('index', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('module_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('builtin_keys_version', 1, b'\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=6, argval="OK, now we're done", argrepr='"OK, now we\'re done"', offset=448, start_offset=448, starts_line=False, line_number=28),
  make_inst(opname='CALL', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=450, start_offset=450, starts_line=False, line_number=28, cache_info=[('counter', 1, b'\x00\x00'), ('func_version', 2, b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')]),
  make_inst(opname='POP_TOP', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=458, start_offset=458, starts_line=False, line_number=28),
  make_inst(opname='RERAISE', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=460, start_offset=460, starts_line=False, line_number=28),
  make_inst(opname='COPY', arg=3, argval=3, argrepr='', offset=462, start_offset=462, starts_line=True, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='POP_EXCEPT', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=464, start_offset=464, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
  make_inst(opname='RERAISE', arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=466, start_offset=466, starts_line=False, line_number=None),
]

# One last piece of inspect fodder to check the default line number handling
def simple(): pass
expected_opinfo_simple = [
  make_inst(opname='RESUME', arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=0, start_offset=0, starts_line=True, line_number=simple.__code__.co_firstlineno),
  make_inst(opname='LOAD_CONST', arg=0, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=2, start_offset=2, starts_line=False, line_number=simple.__code__.co_firstlineno),
  make_inst(opname='RETURN_VALUE', arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=4, start_offset=4, starts_line=False, line_number=simple.__code__.co_firstlineno),
]


class InstructionTestCase(BytecodeTestCase):

    def assertInstructionsEqual(self, instrs_1, instrs_2, /):
        instrs_1 = [instr_1._replace(positions=None, cache_info=None) for instr_1 in instrs_1]
        instrs_2 = [instr_2._replace(positions=None, cache_info=None) for instr_2 in instrs_2]
        self.assertEqual(instrs_1, instrs_2)

class InstructionTests(InstructionTestCase):

    def __init__(self, *args):
        super().__init__(*args)
        self.maxDiff = None

    def test_instruction_str(self):
        # smoke test for __str__
        instrs = dis.get_instructions(simple)
        for instr in instrs:
            str(instr)

    def test_default_first_line(self):
        actual = dis.get_instructions(simple)
        self.assertInstructionsEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_simple)

    def test_first_line_set_to_None(self):
        actual = dis.get_instructions(simple, first_line=None)
        self.assertInstructionsEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_simple)

    def test_outer(self):
        actual = dis.get_instructions(outer, first_line=expected_outer_line)
        self.assertInstructionsEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_outer)

    def test_nested(self):
        with captured_stdout():
            f = outer()
        actual = dis.get_instructions(f, first_line=expected_f_line)
        self.assertInstructionsEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_f)

    def test_doubly_nested(self):
        with captured_stdout():
            inner = outer()()
        actual = dis.get_instructions(inner, first_line=expected_inner_line)
        self.assertInstructionsEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_inner)

    def test_jumpy(self):
        actual = dis.get_instructions(jumpy, first_line=expected_jumpy_line)
        self.assertInstructionsEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_jumpy)

    @requires_debug_ranges()
    def test_co_positions(self):
        code = compile('f(\n  x, y, z\n)', '<test>', 'exec')
        positions = [
            instr.positions
            for instr in dis.get_instructions(code)
        ]
        expected = [
            (0, 1, 0, 0),
            (1, 1, 0, 1),
            (1, 1, 0, 1),
            (2, 2, 2, 3),
            (2, 2, 5, 6),
            (2, 2, 8, 9),
            (1, 3, 0, 1),
            (1, 3, 0, 1),
            (1, 3, 0, 1),
            (1, 3, 0, 1)
        ]
        self.assertEqual(positions, expected)

        named_positions = [
            (pos.lineno, pos.end_lineno, pos.col_offset, pos.end_col_offset)
            for pos in positions
        ]
        self.assertEqual(named_positions, expected)

    @requires_debug_ranges()
    def test_co_positions_missing_info(self):
        code = compile('x, y, z', '<test>', 'exec')
        code_without_location_table = code.replace(co_linetable=b'')
        actual = dis.get_instructions(code_without_location_table)
        for instruction in actual:
            with self.subTest(instruction=instruction):
                positions = instruction.positions
                self.assertEqual(len(positions), 4)
                if instruction.opname == "RESUME":
                    continue
                self.assertIsNone(positions.lineno)
                self.assertIsNone(positions.end_lineno)
                self.assertIsNone(positions.col_offset)
                self.assertIsNone(positions.end_col_offset)

    @requires_debug_ranges()
    def test_co_positions_with_lots_of_caches(self):
        def roots(a, b, c):
            d = b**2 - 4 * a * c
            yield (-b - cmath.sqrt(d)) / (2 * a)
            if d:
                yield (-b + cmath.sqrt(d)) / (2 * a)
        code = roots.__code__
        ops = code.co_code[::2]
        cache_opcode = opcode.opmap["CACHE"]
        caches = sum(op == cache_opcode for op in ops)
        non_caches = len(ops) - caches
        # Make sure we have "lots of caches". If not, roots should be changed:
        assert 1 / 3 <= caches / non_caches, "this test needs more caches!"
        for show_caches in (False, True):
            for adaptive in (False, True):
                with self.subTest(f"{adaptive=}, {show_caches=}"):
                    co_positions = [
                        positions
                        for op, positions in zip(ops, code.co_positions(), strict=True)
                        if show_caches or op != cache_opcode
                    ]
                    dis_positions = [
                        None if instruction.positions is None else (
                            instruction.positions.lineno,
                            instruction.positions.end_lineno,
                            instruction.positions.col_offset,
                            instruction.positions.end_col_offset,
                        )
                        for instruction in _unroll_caches_as_Instructions(dis.get_instructions(
                            code, adaptive=adaptive, show_caches=show_caches
                        ), show_caches=show_caches)
                    ]
                    self.assertEqual(co_positions, dis_positions)

    def test_oparg_alias(self):
        instruction = make_inst(opname="NOP", arg=None, argval=None,
                                  argrepr='', offset=10, start_offset=10, starts_line=True, line_number=1, label=None,
                                  positions=None)
        self.assertEqual(instruction.arg, instruction.oparg)

    def test_show_caches_with_label(self):
        def f(x, y, z):
            if x:
                res = y
            else:
                res = z
            return res

        output = io.StringIO()
        dis.dis(f.__code__, file=output, show_caches=True)
        self.assertIn("L1:", output.getvalue())

    def test_is_op_format(self):
        output = io.StringIO()
        dis.dis("a is b", file=output, show_caches=True)
        self.assertIn("IS_OP                    0 (is)", output.getvalue())

        output = io.StringIO()
        dis.dis("a is not b", file=output, show_caches=True)
        self.assertIn("IS_OP                    1 (is not)", output.getvalue())

    def test_contains_op_format(self):
        output = io.StringIO()
        dis.dis("a in b", file=output, show_caches=True)
        self.assertIn("CONTAINS_OP              0 (in)", output.getvalue())

        output = io.StringIO()
        dis.dis("a not in b", file=output, show_caches=True)
        self.assertIn("CONTAINS_OP              1 (not in)", output.getvalue())

    def test_baseopname_and_baseopcode(self):
        # Standard instructions
        for name in dis.opmap:
            instruction = make_inst(opname=name, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=0,
                                    start_offset=0, starts_line=True, line_number=1, label=None, positions=None)
            baseopname = instruction.baseopname
            baseopcode = instruction.baseopcode
            self.assertIsNotNone(baseopname)
            self.assertIsNotNone(baseopcode)
            self.assertEqual(name, baseopname)
            self.assertEqual(instruction.opcode, baseopcode)

        # Specialized instructions
        for name in opcode._specialized_opmap:
            instruction = make_inst(opname=name, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='',
                                    offset=0, start_offset=0, starts_line=True, line_number=1, label=None, positions=None)
            baseopname = instruction.baseopname
            baseopcode = instruction.baseopcode
            self.assertIn(name, opcode._specializations[baseopname])
            self.assertEqual(opcode.opmap[baseopname], baseopcode)

    def test_jump_target(self):
        # Non-jump instructions should return None
        instruction = make_inst(opname="NOP", arg=None, argval=None,
                                  argrepr='', offset=10, start_offset=10, starts_line=True, line_number=1, label=None,
                                  positions=None)
        self.assertIsNone(instruction.jump_target)

        delta = 100
        instruction = make_inst(opname="JUMP_FORWARD", arg=delta, argval=delta,
                                  argrepr='', offset=10, start_offset=10, starts_line=True, line_number=1, label=None,
                                  positions=None)
        self.assertEqual(10 + 2 + 100*2, instruction.jump_target)

        # Test negative deltas
        instruction = make_inst(opname="JUMP_BACKWARD", arg=delta, argval=delta,
                                  argrepr='', offset=200, start_offset=200, starts_line=True, line_number=1, label=None,
                                  positions=None)
        self.assertEqual(200 + 2 - 100*2 + 2*1, instruction.jump_target)

        # Make sure cache entries are handled
        instruction = make_inst(opname="SEND", arg=delta, argval=delta,
                                  argrepr='', offset=10, start_offset=10, starts_line=True, line_number=1, label=None,
                                  positions=None)
        self.assertEqual(10 + 2 + 1*2 + 100*2, instruction.jump_target)

    def test_argval_argrepr(self):
        def f(opcode, oparg, offset, *init_args):
            arg_resolver = dis.ArgResolver(*init_args)
            return arg_resolver.get_argval_argrepr(opcode, oparg, offset)

        offset = 42
        co_consts = (0, 1, 2, 3)
        names = {1: 'a', 2: 'b'}
        varname_from_oparg = lambda i : names[i]
        labels_map = {24: 1}
        args = (offset, co_consts, names, varname_from_oparg, labels_map)
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["POP_TOP"], None, *args), (None, ''))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["LOAD_CONST"], 1, *args), (1, '1'))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["LOAD_GLOBAL"], 2, *args), ('a', 'a'))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["JUMP_BACKWARD"], 11, *args), (24, 'to L1'))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["COMPARE_OP"], 3, *args), ('<', '<'))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["SET_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTE"], 2, *args), (2, 'kwdefaults'))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["BINARY_OP"], 3, *args), (3, '<<'))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["CALL_INTRINSIC_1"], 2, *args), (2, 'INTRINSIC_IMPORT_STAR'))

    def test_custom_arg_resolver(self):
        class MyArgResolver(dis.ArgResolver):
            def offset_from_jump_arg(self, op, arg, offset):
                return arg + 1

            def get_label_for_offset(self, offset):
                return 2 * offset

        def f(opcode, oparg, offset, *init_args):
            arg_resolver = MyArgResolver(*init_args)
            return arg_resolver.get_argval_argrepr(opcode, oparg, offset)
        offset = 42
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["JUMP_BACKWARD"], 1, offset), (2, 'to L4'))
        self.assertEqual(f(opcode.opmap["SETUP_FINALLY"], 2, offset), (3, 'to L6'))


    def get_instructions(self, code):
        return dis._get_instructions_bytes(code)

    def test_start_offset(self):
        # When no extended args are present,
        # start_offset should be equal to offset

        instructions = list(dis.Bytecode(_f))
        for instruction in instructions:
            self.assertEqual(instruction.offset, instruction.start_offset)

        def last_item(iterable):
            return functools.reduce(lambda a, b : b, iterable)

        code = bytes([
            opcode.opmap["LOAD_FAST"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE"], 0xFF,
        ])
        labels_map = dis._make_labels_map(code)
        jump = last_item(self.get_instructions(code))
        self.assertEqual(4, jump.offset)
        self.assertEqual(2, jump.start_offset)

        code = bytes([
            opcode.opmap["LOAD_FAST"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE"], 0xFF,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
        ])
        jump = last_item(self.get_instructions(code))
        self.assertEqual(8, jump.offset)
        self.assertEqual(2, jump.start_offset)

        code = bytes([
            opcode.opmap["LOAD_FAST"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE"], 0xFF,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE"], 0xFF,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
        ])
        instructions = list(self.get_instructions(code))
        # 1st jump
        self.assertEqual(4, instructions[2].offset)
        self.assertEqual(2, instructions[2].start_offset)
        # 2nd jump
        self.assertEqual(14, instructions[6].offset)
        self.assertEqual(8, instructions[6].start_offset)

    def test_cache_offset_and_end_offset(self):
        code = bytes([
            opcode.opmap["LOAD_GLOBAL"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["LOAD_FAST"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["CALL"], 0x01,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00,
            opcode.opmap["CACHE"], 0x00
        ])
        instructions = list(self.get_instructions(code))
        self.assertEqual(2, instructions[0].cache_offset)
        self.assertEqual(10, instructions[0].end_offset)
        self.assertEqual(12, instructions[1].cache_offset)
        self.assertEqual(12, instructions[1].end_offset)
        self.assertEqual(14, instructions[2].cache_offset)
        self.assertEqual(20, instructions[2].end_offset)

        # end_offset of the previous instruction should be equal to the
        # start_offset of the following instruction
        instructions = list(dis.Bytecode(self.test_cache_offset_and_end_offset))
        for prev, curr in zip(instructions, instructions[1:]):
            self.assertEqual(prev.end_offset, curr.start_offset)


# get_instructions has its own tests above, so can rely on it to validate
# the object oriented API
class BytecodeTests(InstructionTestCase, DisTestBase):

    def test_instantiation(self):
        # Test with function, method, code string and code object
        for obj in [_f, _C(1).__init__, "a=1", _f.__code__]:
            with self.subTest(obj=obj):
                b = dis.Bytecode(obj)
                self.assertIsInstance(b.codeobj, types.CodeType)

        self.assertRaises(TypeError, dis.Bytecode, object())

    def test_iteration(self):
        for obj in [_f, _C(1).__init__, "a=1", _f.__code__]:
            with self.subTest(obj=obj):
                via_object = list(dis.Bytecode(obj))
                via_generator = list(dis.get_instructions(obj))
                self.assertInstructionsEqual(via_object, via_generator)

    def test_explicit_first_line(self):
        actual = dis.Bytecode(outer, first_line=expected_outer_line)
        self.assertInstructionsEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_outer)

    def test_source_line_in_disassembly(self):
        # Use the line in the source code
        actual = dis.Bytecode(simple).dis()
        actual = actual.strip().partition(" ")[0]  # extract the line no
        expected = str(simple.__code__.co_firstlineno)
        self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
        # Use an explicit first line number
        actual = dis.Bytecode(simple, first_line=350).dis()
        actual = actual.strip().partition(" ")[0]  # extract the line no
        self.assertEqual(actual, "350")

    def test_info(self):
        self.maxDiff = 1000
        for x, expected in CodeInfoTests.test_pairs:
            b = dis.Bytecode(x)
            self.assertRegex(b.info(), expected)

    def test_disassembled(self):
        actual = dis.Bytecode(_f).dis()
        self.do_disassembly_compare(actual, dis_f)

    def test_from_traceback(self):
        tb = get_tb()
        b = dis.Bytecode.from_traceback(tb)
        while tb.tb_next: tb = tb.tb_next

        self.assertEqual(b.current_offset, tb.tb_lasti)

    def test_from_traceback_dis(self):
        self.maxDiff = None
        tb = get_tb()
        b = dis.Bytecode.from_traceback(tb)
        self.assertEqual(b.dis(), dis_traceback)

    @requires_debug_ranges()
    def test_bytecode_co_positions(self):
        bytecode = dis.Bytecode("a=1")
        for instr, positions in zip(bytecode, bytecode.codeobj.co_positions()):
            assert instr.positions == positions

class TestBytecodeTestCase(BytecodeTestCase):
    def test_assert_not_in_with_op_not_in_bytecode(self):
        code = compile("a = 1", "<string>", "exec")
        self.assertInBytecode(code, "LOAD_SMALL_INT", 1)
        self.assertNotInBytecode(code, "LOAD_NAME")
        self.assertNotInBytecode(code, "LOAD_NAME", "a")

    def test_assert_not_in_with_arg_not_in_bytecode(self):
        code = compile("a = 1", "<string>", "exec")
        self.assertInBytecode(code, "LOAD_SMALL_INT")
        self.assertInBytecode(code, "LOAD_SMALL_INT", 1)
        self.assertNotInBytecode(code, "LOAD_CONST", 2)

    def test_assert_not_in_with_arg_in_bytecode(self):
        code = compile("a = 1", "<string>", "exec")
        with self.assertRaises(AssertionError):
            self.assertNotInBytecode(code, "LOAD_SMALL_INT", 1)

class TestFinderMethods(unittest.TestCase):
    def test__find_imports(self):
        cases = [
            ("import a.b.c", ('a.b.c', 0, None)),
            ("from a.b import c", ('a.b', 0, ('c',))),
            ("from a.b import c as d", ('a.b', 0, ('c',))),
            ("from a.b import *", ('a.b', 0, ('*',))),
            ("from ...a.b import c as d", ('a.b', 3, ('c',))),
            ("from ..a.b import c as d, e as f", ('a.b', 2, ('c', 'e'))),
            ("from ..a.b import *", ('a.b', 2, ('*',))),
        ]
        for src, expected in cases:
            with self.subTest(src=src):
                code = compile(src, "<string>", "exec")
                res = tuple(dis._find_imports(code))
                self.assertEqual(len(res), 1)
                self.assertEqual(res[0], expected)

    def test__find_store_names(self):
        cases = [
            ("x+y", ()),
            ("x=y=1", ('x', 'y')),
            ("x+=y", ('x',)),
            ("global x\nx=y=1", ('x', 'y')),
            ("global x\nz=x", ('z',)),
        ]
        for src, expected in cases:
            with self.subTest(src=src):
                code = compile(src, "<string>", "exec")
                res = tuple(dis._find_store_names(code))
                self.assertEqual(res, expected)

    def test_findlabels(self):
        labels = dis.findlabels(jumpy.__code__.co_code)
        jumps = [
            instr.offset
            for instr in expected_opinfo_jumpy
            if instr.is_jump_target
        ]

        self.assertEqual(sorted(labels), sorted(jumps))

    def test_findlinestarts(self):
        def func():
            pass

        code = func.__code__
        offsets = [linestart[0] for linestart in dis.findlinestarts(code)]
        self.assertEqual(offsets, [0, 2])


class TestDisTraceback(DisTestBase):
    def setUp(self) -> None:
        try:  # We need to clean up existing tracebacks
            del sys.last_exc
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        try:  # We need to clean up existing tracebacks
            del sys.last_traceback
        except AttributeError:
            pass
        return super().setUp()

    def get_disassembly(self, tb):
        output = io.StringIO()
        with contextlib.redirect_stdout(output):
            dis.distb(tb)
        return output.getvalue()

    def test_distb_empty(self):
        with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
            dis.distb()

    def test_distb_last_traceback(self):
        self.maxDiff = None
        # We need to have an existing last traceback in `sys`:
        tb = get_tb()
        sys.last_traceback = tb

        self.do_disassembly_compare(self.get_disassembly(None), dis_traceback)

    def test_distb_explicit_arg(self):
        self.maxDiff = None
        tb = get_tb()

        self.do_disassembly_compare(self.get_disassembly(tb), dis_traceback)


class TestDisTracebackWithFile(TestDisTraceback):
    # Run the `distb` tests again, using the file arg instead of print
    def get_disassembly(self, tb):
        output = io.StringIO()
        with contextlib.redirect_stdout(output):
            dis.distb(tb, file=output)
        return output.getvalue()

def _unroll_caches_as_Instructions(instrs, show_caches=False):
    # Cache entries are no longer reported by dis as fake instructions,
    # but some tests assume that do. We should rewrite the tests to assume
    # the new API, but it will be clearer to keep the tests working as
    # before and do that in a separate PR.

    for instr in instrs:
        yield instr
        if not show_caches:
            continue

        offset = instr.offset
        for name, size, data in (instr.cache_info or ()):
            for i in range(size):
                offset += 2
                # Only show the fancy argrepr for a CACHE instruction when it's
                # the first entry for a particular cache value:
                if i == 0:
                    argrepr = f"{name}: {int.from_bytes(data, sys.byteorder)}"
                else:
                    argrepr = ""

                yield make_inst("CACHE", 0, None, argrepr, offset, offset,
                                False, None, None, instr.positions)


class TestDisCLI(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.filename = tempfile.mktemp()
        self.addCleanup(os_helper.unlink, self.filename)

    @staticmethod
    def text_normalize(string):
        """Dedent *string* and strip it from its surrounding whitespaces.

        This method is used by the other utility functions so that any
        string to write or to match against can be freely indented.
        """
        return textwrap.dedent(string).strip()

    def set_source(self, content):
        with open(self.filename, 'w') as fp:
            fp.write(self.text_normalize(content))

    def invoke_dis(self, *flags):
        output = io.StringIO()
        with contextlib.redirect_stdout(output):
            dis.main(args=[*flags, self.filename])
        return self.text_normalize(output.getvalue())

    def check_output(self, source, expect, *flags):
        with self.subTest(source=source, flags=flags):
            self.set_source(source)
            res = self.invoke_dis(*flags)
            expect = self.text_normalize(expect)
            self.assertListEqual(res.splitlines(), expect.splitlines())

    def test_invocation(self):
        # test various combinations of parameters
        base_flags = [
            ('-C', '--show-caches'),
            ('-O', '--show-offsets'),
            ('-P', '--show-positions'),
            ('-S', '--specialized'),
        ]

        self.set_source('''
            def f():
                print(x)
                return None
        ''')

        for r in range(1, len(base_flags) + 1):
            for choices in itertools.combinations(base_flags, r=r):
                for args in itertools.product(*choices):
                    with self.subTest(args=args[1:]):
                        _ = self.invoke_dis(*args)

        with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
            # suppress argparse error message
            with contextlib.redirect_stderr(io.StringIO()):
                _ = self.invoke_dis('--unknown')

    def test_show_cache(self):
        # test 'python -m dis -C/--show-caches'
        source = 'print()'
        expect = '''
            0           RESUME                   0

            1           LOAD_NAME                0 (print)
                        PUSH_NULL
                        CALL                     0
                        CACHE                    0 (counter: 0)
                        CACHE                    0 (func_version: 0)
                        CACHE                    0
                        POP_TOP
                        LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                        RETURN_VALUE
        '''
        for flag in ['-C', '--show-caches']:
            self.check_output(source, expect, flag)

    def test_show_offsets(self):
        # test 'python -m dis -O/--show-offsets'
        source = 'pass'
        expect = '''
            0          0       RESUME                   0

            1          2       LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                       4       RETURN_VALUE
        '''
        for flag in ['-O', '--show-offsets']:
            self.check_output(source, expect, flag)

    def test_show_positions(self):
        # test 'python -m dis -P/--show-positions'
        source = 'pass'
        expect = '''
            0:0-1:0            RESUME                   0

            1:0-1:4            LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
            1:0-1:4            RETURN_VALUE
        '''
        for flag in ['-P', '--show-positions']:
            self.check_output(source, expect, flag)

    def test_specialized_code(self):
        # test 'python -m dis -S/--specialized'
        source = 'pass'
        expect = '''
            0           RESUME                   0

            1           LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                        RETURN_VALUE
        '''
        for flag in ['-S', '--specialized']:
            self.check_output(source, expect, flag)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()