[libc++][numeric]  Modernized `std::midpoint` (#174596)

- Some improvements to `std::midpoint` implementation: replaces
`enable_if` with concepts.

https://wg21.link/numeric.ops.midpoint

Towards #172124

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Co-authored-by: Hristo Hristov <[email protected]>
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GitOrigin-RevId: 6c2c0b9da2b96e06048d52b4308636e667e08cf2
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