Wherever possible, calls to Lock#lock should be immediately followed by a try block with a finally clause which releases the lock,

lock.lock();
try {
  frobnicate();
} finally {
  lock.unlock();
}

Placing the call to lock inside the try block is suboptimal. The documentation for Lock allows for Lock#lock to throw an unchecked exception if, for example, it determines that the program will deadlock. In this situation, #unlock will be called even if #lock throws,

try {
  lock.lock();
  frobnicate();
} finally {
  lock.unlock();
}

Doing work between the lock invocation and the start of the try block is potentially very bad, as the lock will go unreleased if the intermediate work throws,

lock.lock();
checkState(frobnicator.ready());
try {
  frobnicator.frobnicate();
} finally {
  lock.unlock();
}

frobnicator.ready() should either be moved before the #lock call or inside the try block, depending on whether the lock must be acquired before calling it.